|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Data USA NSA KG-84 →
Embeddable KG-84 COMSEC Module
KIV-7 is a compact miniaturized embeddable version of the American
military KG-84 encryption device, developed in the
mid-1990s by AlliedSignal Corporation (USA), to meet the growing demand for
secure data communication links [1].
The device was manufactured by Mykotronx
(later: SafeNet) in the USA,
and was supplied as a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) product.
|
The image on the right shows a typical KIV-7HS unit. It has the same
form-factor as a 5¼"
CD- ROM player, allowing it to be built
into a free expansion bay of a standard personal computer.
The initial KIV-7 unit was suitable for use on digital serial lines with
data rates between 50 b/s and 288 kb/s in asynchronous mode, and 0.5 Mb/s
in synchronous mode. The KIV-7HS (high speed) is even capable of 1.544 Mb/s
in synchronous mode.
The unit is interoperable with the earlier (and much slower)
KG-84, KG-84A
and KG-84C military encryption devices.
|
|
|
Due to miniaturisation of the KG-84, the KIV-7 is suitable for a wide
variety of applications, ranging from modern PCs to submarines. Although
the unit does not come in a ruggedised housing, it is very small and is fully
complient with NSA
TEMPEST requirements. This makes it ideal for space and
load constraint environments. It only needs a single 5V power supply.
Rack mount expansion assemblies were also available for the KIV-7, allowing
2, 4 or 8 units to share a single frame. Such rack mount solutions were
supplied by both Mykotronx and Pulse Engineering.
Over time, the KIV-7 has been improved several times and the
latest version,
the KIV-7MiP, is still in use with the Army today (2011) as a network link
encryptor.
|
Wrong Turn 9 Movie Fixed Page
A Short Overview of the Franchise
Mistaken Path 9: The Latest Drop into Dread wrong turn 9 movie
text: Incorrect Direction 9: The Newest Fall into Dread The “Incorrect Direction” saga has been a mainstay of the scary type for almost twenty years, offering crowds a exclusive combination of tension, violence, and country horror. The series, which commenced in 2003, tracks a group of companions who get marooned in the forest, only to be hunted and killed by a family of deformed eaters of human flesh. With eight movies already under its record, the franchise shows no signs of slowing down, as the latest chapter, “Wrong Turn 9,” is set to reach theaters before long. A Concise Background of the Franchise The initial “Wrong Turn” motion picture, guided by Rob Schmidt, introduced moviegoers to a group of companions who start a driving voyage through the Appalachian Mountains. When they take a wrong turn, they find themselves close with a clan of cannibals, led by the notorious Three Fingers. The film’s popularity created a series, with seven extra movies coming out over the years. A Short Overview of the Franchise Mistaken Path
The “Erroneous Path” series has been a pillar of the horror genre for practically twenty years, giving viewers a unique mix of tension, violence, and countryside fear. The sequence, which began in 2003, follows a group of pals who become stranded in the woods, only to be stalked and killed by a tribe of crossbred cannibals. With eight movies already under its history, the saga shows no hints of decelerating, as the most recent installment, “Mistaken Direction 9,” is set to reach theaters soon. A Concise Background of the Franchise The initial
Bad Route 9: The Most Recent Plunge into Fright The “ Incorrect Route ” series has become a core element of the scary category for almost two decades, providing audiences a unique combination of suspense, bloodshed, and backwoods terror. The series, which began in 2003, trails a group of friends who get stranded in the woods, only to be hunted and murdered by a clan of inbred cannibals. With eight pictures already under its belt, the series shows no signs of stopping down, as the most recent installment, “ Mistaken Direction 9,” is prepared to hit cinemas shortly. A Short Overview of the Series The debut “ Mistaken Route ” motion picture, helmed by Rob Schmidt, introduced audiences to a band of companions who embark on a car trip through the Appalachian Mountains. When they make a bad turn, they discover themselves face to face with a family of man-eaters, guided by the infamous Three Fingers. The movie's success created a chain, with seven extra pictures following over the time.
The initial “Erroneous Direction” movie, directed by a certain filmmaker, presented viewers to a band of companions who begin a road voyage through the regional Mountains. When they choose a wrong turn, they discover themselves eye to face with a family of man-eaters, led by the infamous mutant. The film's triumph spawned a chain, with seven extra films coming over the time.
writing: Wrong Turn 9: The Newest Descent into Horror The “Wrong Turn” series has been a staple of the horror style for almost two decades, giving audiences with a unique combination of suspense, gore, and rural terror. The series, which commenced in 2003, tracks a party of friends who find themselves stranded in the woods, only to be stalked and killed by a family of inbred cannibals. With eight films already under its belt, the franchise shows no signals of stopping down, as the latest installment, “Wrong Turn 9,” is set to hit theaters soon. A Brief History of the Franchise The first “Wrong Turn” film, directed by Rob Schmidt, introduced audiences to a group of friends who embark on a road trip through the Appalachian Mountains. When they take a wrong turn, they find themselves face to face with a family of cannibals, led by the infamous Three Fingers. The film’s success spawned a franchise, with seven more films following over the years.
- KIV-7
This was the first version of the KIV-7.
It is a modern miniaturised enhanced version of the KG-84,
allowing interoperability at data rates up to 9600 bps (async) and 32 kbps (sync).
On its own, it can be used at speeds up to 288 kbps (async) or 512 kbps (sync).
- KIV-7HS
This is a high-speed version of the KIV-7, built around 1998 for US$ 3355.
It was suitable for speeds up to 1.544 Mbps (sync).
When this model was introduced, the KIV-7 was discontinued.
Due to a few anomalies in its first generation Windster processor chip, there
are some limitations when communicating with KG-84 units.
- KIV-7HSA
Improved version of the KIV-7HS introduced around 2000. The Windster processor
chip has been replaced by the Presidio chip and the maximum speed is raised to
2.048 Mbps (sync).
In 2001, the price of a KIV-7HSA unit was US$ 3900.
- KIV-7HSB
This version can be used with
Globalstar satellite telephone handsets and provides Type 1 encryption at
speeds up to 2.048 Mbps. It was introduced around 2003 and is backwards
compatible with the KIV-7, KIV-7HA and KIV-7HSA units,
and is therefore also fully interoperable with the KG-84.
- KIV-7M (Link Encryptor)
This version was introduced in 2006 and adds network functionality to the list
of features [2].
It supports synchronous data rates up to 50 Mbps and is backwards compatible
with all previous models. It is interoperable with the KG-84
but also with the KG-194/A
and the KIV-19.
In 2009 it was still available for sale from SafeNet Government Solutions, LLC.
- KIV-7MiP
Similar to the KIV-7M, but with the addition of a Type 1 Network-to-Link
HAIPE® Channel.
Used for highly secure interoperable data networks.
Still in use today (2011).
|
|
The KIV-7 can only be operated when a suitable Crypto Ignition Key (CIK) is
present in the CIK slot at the right of the front panel. It is a standard
NSA-approved
physical - plastic - key
that can be inserted
either way around and is activated by turning it 90° clockwise,
just like a normal key.
|
The CIK, shown in the image on the right, contains a 1Kb flash memory
device that is used for protection of the keys stored inside the KIV-7.
When the CIK is removed, transmission is no longer possible.
The combination of KIV-7 and CIK should be treated
as classified and should never be left together unattended.
One blank CIK is supplied with every KIV-7 unit. It can be initialised
by a blank (zeroized) KIV-7 unit. Blank keys are supplied by
Datakey in
the USA, where it is known as the 1kB DK-series with Microwire interface
and form factor A [7].
|
|
|
When crypto variables (i.e. the keys) are loaded into the KIV-7,
the KIV-7 generates a random key that is used to encrypt the actual
traffic encryption keys (TEKs). This random key is known as the
Key Encryption Key (KEK) and is stored inside the CIK. For this
reason, the CIK is said to be paired with the device.
The keys can only be retrieved by the KIV-7 if the appropriate CIK
is present.
A CIK that is paired with one KIV-7 unit, can not be used to activate
another KIV-7 unit. A CIK by itself is not a classified item. When
the operator had to leave a KIV-7 unit unattended, he had to take the
CIK with him. A KIV-7 without the matching CIK has no function and can
not be used to decode any traffic or retrieve the original keys.
As an extra safety measure, all keys (i.e. they TEKs inside the KIV-7
and the KEK inside the CIK) can be cleared
by pressing the INITIATE and ZEROIZE buttons simultaneously.
This is known as ZEROIZING and even works when the device is off.
|
|
In order to transmit encrypted data, the KIV-7 needs a Crypto Ignition Key
(CIK, see above) and at least one Traffic Encryption Key (TEK).
This is the minimum requirement for sending encrypted data.
In addition to this, a Key Encryption Key (KEK) can be installed to allow
new keys to be sent securely over a radio link. The latter is
often referred to as Over-the-Air Rekeying (OTAR).
|
The TEKs and KEKs are loaded into the KIV-7 by means of a standard military
key transfer device
(a so-called filler or key fill device)
with either the DS-101
or DS-102 protocol.
The filler connects to the recessed standard 6-pin U-229
NATO-compatible fill connector
on the left of the front panel.
Up to 10 TEKs can be stored.
Suitable devices include the military DS-102 units KYK-13,
KYX-15 and
KOI-18.
It can also be used with the more recent AN/CYZ-10
that also supports the later DS-101 protocol.
Both standard and tagged key formats can be used.
|
|
|
The TEKs and KEKs are retained in the KIV-7s memory even when power is turned
off or the CIK is removed. For this to work, a 3.6V Lithium battery should be
present in a small compartment at the bottom.
If security is compromised, the user has to press the INITIATE and
ZEROIZE keys simultaneously in order to delete all keys from memory,
rendering the device useless.
Keys can be loaded into the KIV-7 directly by means of a suitable key generator
or, as described above, with a key transfer device.
Alternatively, the KIV-7 keys can also be updated remotely, as the device supports
Over The Air Rekeying (OTAR).
The latter requires the use of a KEK.
|
|
WLA-7HS is a high-speed wire line adapter for the KIV-7.
It has the same form factor as the KIV-7 and was also manufactured
under the Mykotronx
brand name. It allowed the KIV-7 to transmit data
at speeds between 1200 baud and 2 Mb/s over standard field wire
at distances up to 4 km.
|
The image on the right shows the front panel of a typical WLA-7HS unit.
Like the KIV-7, its has the form-factor of a computer CD-ROM drive.
The front panel of both units have a similar layout. THe WLA-7HS connects
to the KIV-7HS by means of a multi-cable
at the rear.
At the front of the unit are the wire line terminals. The WLA-7HS
needs two separate pairs of wires: one for tranmission and one for reception.
The pairs are connected to the
spring-loaded terminals.
An extra terminal is present for connection to the ground (earth).
|
|
|
Although the WLA-7HS was designed for use in combination with the
KIV-7HS using the standard EIA-530 cipher text interface,
it can also be used with other communications equipment requiring
transmission over standard field wire (WF-16/U or equivalent)
up to 4 km.
The WLA-7HS can be used with 4 wires (balanced) or 3 wires
(unbalanced) in full-duplex or simplex mode.
When used in simplex-mode, it is also possible to use just 2
wires (i.e. transmit only or receive only). The unit has its own
built-in synthesizer-based clock, which can generate any baud rate
between 1200 b/s and 2 Mb/s. It uses Conditioned Biphase modulation.
[9].
|
|
Below, some of the expressions and abbreviations used on this page are
further explained. More keywords are explained on our global
Crypto Glossary.
|
|
CIK
|
|
Crypto Ignition Key
A physical token (usually an electronic device) used to store, transport
and activate the cryptographic keys of electronic cipher machines.
(Wikipedia)
|
|
COMSEC
|
|
Communications Security
(Wikipedia)
|
|
COTS
|
|
Commercial off the shelf
|
|
HAIPE
|
|
High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor
A Type 1 encryption device that complies with the NSA's HAIPE IS
(High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor Interoperability Specification).
(Wikipedia)
|
|
INFOSEC
|
|
Information Security
(Wikipedia)
|
|
KEK
|
|
Key Encryption Key
Special cryptographic key used to send new keys over-the-air (OTAR).
|
|
NRO
|
|
National Reconnaissance Office
Responsible for the design, building and operation of the spy satellites
of the US government. Based in Chantilly, Virginia (USA).
(Wikipedia)
|
|
NSA
|
|
National Security Agency
America's national cryptologic organisation, responsible for US
information security. Home of the American codemakers and codebreakers.
(Wikipedia)
(Website)
|
|
OTAR
|
|
Over-The-Air Rekeying
Common expression for the method of updating encryption keys 'over the
air' in a two-way radio system. It is sometimes called Over-The-Air
Transfer (OTAT).
(Wikipedia)
|
|
TEK
|
|
Traffic Encryption Key
Cryptographic key used the encryption of messages (traffic).
|
|
ZEROIZE
|
|
General expression for deleting the cryptographic keys from an encryption
device in case of a compromise or seizure.
|
- AlliedSignal
- Mykotronx
- SafeNet
|
Device Embeddable COMSEC module Model KIV-7 Vendor Allied Signal Aerospace Company Predecessor KG-84, KG-84A, KG-84C Algorithm SAVILLE Cost USD 3960
|
- KIV-7, KG-84 COMSEC Module User's Manual
Mykotronx, Inc., August 1988. Rev. A.
- KIV-7/KIV-7HS release notes
Mykotronx, Inc., February 1996.
- KIV-7HSB advert
Globalstar, undated.
- KIV-7M leaflet
SafeNet, June 2009. Rev. 2.2.
- KIV-7MiP leaflet
SafeNet, February 2009. Rev. 2.2.
|
- Mykotronx, Inc., KIV-7, KG-84 COMSEC Module User's Manual
Rev. A, August 1988. With release notes of February 1996.
- The Free Library, KIV-7M
Article: SafeNet Mykotronx Opens Registration for Upcoming KIV-7M Users Group Conference to
Support First Cryptographic Modernization Product.
Torrence Marriot Hotel, June 27-28, 2006, Torrence, California.
Via WayBack Machine.
- Wikipedia, Rainbow Technologies
Visited August 2010.
- Wikipedia, SafeNet
Visited August 2010.
- Los Angeles Times, Rainbow Technologies to Acquire Mykotronx
28 Janury 1995.
Federation of American Scientists (FAS), KIV-7 Family 1
Description of the functionality of the KIV-7 product range. Approx. 2001.
- Datakey Electronics, Memory Availability
Info Sheet about the various crypto keys (CIK) produced by the company.
Datakey Inc., July 2009. Downloaded 25 August 2010.
- KIV-7 Embeddable KG-84 COMSEC Module
CJCSM 6231.05a Manual for Employing Joint Tactical Communications -
Joint Communications Security, 2 November 1998. Appendix A.
Obtained via Cryptome.org.
- SafeNet Inc., WLA-7HS, Interfacing Communications Equipment for Field Wire Applications
Retrieved from the SafeNet website on 12 October 2011.
- Wikipedia, KIV-7
Visited August 2022.
|
 |
-
Page no longer available in 2022 and not archived by WayBack Machine.
|
|
|
|
Any links shown in red are currently unavailable.
If you like the information on this website, why not make a donation?
Crypto Museum. Created: Tuesday 24 August 2010. Last changed: Saturday, 09 November 2024 - 09:13 CET.
|
|
|
|
|
